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2014 ; 25
(ä): 1-8
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Architecture of viral genome-delivery molecular machines
#MMPMID24878339
Bhardwaj A
; Olia AS
; Cingolani G
Curr Opin Struct Biol
2014[Apr]; 25
(ä): 1-8
PMID24878339
show ga
From the abyss of the ocean to the human gut, bacterial viruses (or
bacteriophages) have colonized all ecosystems of the planet earth and evolved in
sync with their bacterial hosts. Over 95% of bacteriophages have a tail that
varies greatly in length and complexity. The tail complex interrupts the
icosahedral capsid symmetry and provides both an entry for viral genome-packaging
during replication and an exit for genome-ejection during infection. Here, we
review recent progress in deciphering the structure, assembly and conformational
dynamics of viral genome-delivery tail machines. We focus on the bacteriophages
P22 and T7, two well-studied members of the Podoviridae family that use short,
non-contractile tails to infect Gram-negative bacteria. The structure of
specialized tail fibers and their putative role in host anchoring, cell-surface
penetration and genome-ejection is discussed.