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2016 ; 18
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): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Aquaporins in Brain Edema and Neuropathological Conditions
#MMPMID28036023
Filippidis AS
; Carozza RB
; Rekate HL
Int J Mol Sci
2016[Dec]; 18
(1
): ä PMID28036023
show ga
The aquaporin (AQP) family of water channels are a group of small,
membrane-spanning proteins that are vital for the rapid transport of water across
the plasma membrane. These proteins are widely expressed, from tissues such as
the renal epithelium and erythrocytes to the various cells of the central nervous
system. This review will elucidate the basic structure and distribution of
aquaporins and discuss the role of aquaporins in various neuropathologies. AQP1
and AQP4, the two primary aquaporin molecules of the central nervous system,
regulate brain water and CSF movement and contribute to cytotoxic and vasogenic
edema, where they control the size of the intracellular and extracellular fluid
volumes, respectively. AQP4 expression is vital to the cellular migration and
angiogenesis at the heart of tumor growth; AQP4 is central to dysfunctions in
glutamate metabolism, synaptogenesis, and memory consolidation; and AQP1 and AQP4
adaptations have been seen in obstructive and non-obstructive hydrocephalus and
may be therapeutic targets.