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Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol
2017[Jan]; 57
(?): 61-79
PMID28061688
show ga
Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acid molecules that bind to and inhibit
proteins and are commonly produced by systematic evolution of ligands by
exponential enrichment (SELEX). Aptamers undergo extensive pharmacological
revision, which alters affinity, specificity, and therapeutic half-life,
tailoring each drug for a specific clinical need. The first therapeutic aptamer
was described 25 years ago. Thus far, one aptamer has been approved for clinical
use, and numerous others are in preclinical or clinical development. This review
presents a short history of aptamers and SELEX, describes their pharmacological
development and optimization, and reviews potential treatment of diseases
including visual disorders, thrombosis, and cancer.