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2015 ; 56
(9
): 1821-35
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Apprehending ganglioside diversity: a comprehensive methodological approach
#MMPMID26142958
Masson EA
; Sibille E
; Martine L
; Chaux-Picquet F
; Bretillon L
; Berdeaux O
J Lipid Res
2015[Sep]; 56
(9
): 1821-35
PMID26142958
show ga
Gangliosides (GGs) make a wide family of glycosphingolipids ubiquitously
expressed in mammalian tissues and particularly abundant in the brain and nervous
system. They exhibit a huge diversity due to structural variations in both their
oligosaccharidic chain and ceramide moiety, which represent a real analytical
challenge. Since their discovery in the 1940s, methods have persistently improved
until the emergence of LC/MS, which offers a high level of specificity and
sensitivity and is suitable with high-throughput profiling studies. We describe
here a comprehensive approach relying on various techniques and aiming at fully
characterizing GGs in biological samples. First, total GG content was determined
by a biochemical assay. Second, GG class composition was assessed by
high-performance thin-layer chromatography followed by colorimetric revelation.
Then, ceramide types of GG classes were identified, and their relative
quantification was performed thanks to the development of a powerful and reliable
LC/MS method. Finally, ceramides were structurally characterized, and minor and
less common GG classes were identified using high-resolution MS. These methods
were applied to the rat retina to provide an exhaustive description of its GG
composition, giving the base for a better understanding of the precise roles of
GGs in this tissue.