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2015 ; 2015
(ä): 652875
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Antitumor Responses of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells
#MMPMID26543874
Altman JB
; Benavides AD
; Das R
; Bassiri H
J Immunol Res
2015[]; 2015
(ä): 652875
PMID26543874
show ga
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are innate-like lymphocytes that were first
described in the late 1980s. Since their initial description, numerous studies
have collectively shed light on their development and effector function. These
studies have highlighted the unique requirements for the activation of these
lymphocytes and the functional responses that distinguish these cells from other
effector lymphocyte populations such as conventional T cells and NK cells. This
body of literature suggests that NKT cells play diverse nonredundant roles in a
number of disease processes, including the initiation and propagation of airway
hyperreactivity, protection against a variety of pathogens, development of
autoimmunity, and mediation of allograft responses. In this review, however, we
focus on the role of a specific lineage of NKT cells in antitumor immunity.
Specifically, we describe the development of invariant NKT (iNKT) cells and the
factors that are critical for their acquisition of effector function. Next, we
delineate the mechanisms by which iNKT cells influence and modulate the activity
of other immune cells to directly or indirectly affect tumor growth. Finally, we
review the successes and failures of clinical trials employing iNKT cell-based
immunotherapies and explore the future prospects for the use of such strategies.