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2017 ; 15
(1
): 174-183
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Antipsychotic Induced Dopamine Supersensitivity Psychosis: A Comprehensive
Review
#MMPMID27264948
Yin J
; Barr AM
; Ramos-Miguel A
; Procyshyn RM
Curr Neuropharmacol
2017[]; 15
(1
): 174-183
PMID27264948
show ga
Chronic prescription of antipsychotics seems to lose its therapeutic benefits in
the prevention of recurring psychotic symptoms. In many instances, the occurrence
of relapse from initial remission is followed by an increase in dose of the
prescribed antipsychotic. The current understanding of why this occurs is still
in its infancy, but a controversial idea that has regained attention recently is
the notion of iatrogenic dopamine supersensitivity. Studies on cell cultures and
animal models have shown that long-term antipsychotic use is linked to both an
upregulation of dopamine D<sub>2</sub>-receptors in the striatum and
the emergence of enhanced receptor affinity to endogenous dopamine. These
findings have been hypothesized to contribute to the phenomenon known as dopamine
supersensitivity psychosis (DSP), which has been clinically typified as the
foundation of rebound psychosis, drug tolerance, and tardive dyskinesia. The
focus of this review is the update of evidence behind the classification of
antipsychotic induced DSP and an investigation of its relationship to treatment
resistance. Since antipsychotics are the foundation of illness management, a
greater understanding of DSP and its prevention may greatly affect patient
outcomes.