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2011 ; 3
(ä): 7-11
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Antimicrobial prophylaxis in open lower extremity fractures
#MMPMID27147846
Anderson A
; Miller AD
; Brandon Bookstaver P
Open Access Emerg Med
2011[]; 3
(ä): 7-11
PMID27147846
show ga
CLINICAL QUESTION: Based on the grade of open fracture, which antibiotic should
be selected for antimicrobial prophylaxis, and what is the optimal timing and
duration of administration? RESULTS: For Grade I and II open fractures, a
first-generation cephalosporin (eg, cefazolin) should be administered within 3
hours of initial injury and be continued for 24 hours after initial injury. Grade
III open fractures require coverage with an aminoglycoside in addition to a
first-generation cephalosporin within 3 hours of initial injury, and antibiotics
should be continued for 48-72 hours after initial injury but no more than 24
hours after wound closure. If a fracture is at risk of contamination with
clostridium species, such as a farm-related injury, penicillin should be added to
the antibiotic regimen. IMPLEMENTATION: Pitfalls to avoid when using antibiotics
for infection prophylaxis in open fractures include utilizing cultures
immediately postinjury to direct choice of agent for antimicrobial prophylaxis,
because infecting pathogens do not typically correlate to pathogens initially
cultured after injury; failure to consider patients' medication allergy history
or reconcile allergy records; and failure to obtain a thorough history to
determine injury exposure (eg, farm, water).