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2014 ; 22
(6
): 317-25
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Anthrax lethal and edema toxins in anthrax pathogenesis
#MMPMID24684968
Liu S
; Moayeri M
; Leppla SH
Trends Microbiol
2014[Jun]; 22
(6
): 317-25
PMID24684968
show ga
The pathophysiological effects resulting from many bacterial diseases are caused
by exotoxins released by the bacteria. Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming
bacterium, is such a pathogen, causing anthrax through a combination of bacterial
infection and toxemia. B. anthracis causes natural infection in humans and
animals and has been a top bioterrorism concern since the 2001 anthrax attacks in
the USA. The exotoxins secreted by B. anthracis use capillary morphogenesis
protein 2 (CMG2) as the major toxin receptor and play essential roles in
pathogenesis during the entire course of the disease. This review focuses on the
activities of anthrax toxins and their roles in initial and late stages of
anthrax infection.