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2015 ; 112
(25
): 433-42; quiz 443
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Animal and Human Bite Wounds
#MMPMID26179017
Rothe K
; Tsokos M
; Handrick W
Dtsch Arztebl Int
2015[Jun]; 112
(25
): 433-42; quiz 443
PMID26179017
show ga
BACKGROUND: 30,000 to 50,000 injuries are caused by bites in Germany every year.
Dog and cat bites are common, human bites relatively rare. 25% of the victims are
under age 6, and 34% are aged 6 to 17. METHODS: This review is based on pertinent
literature retrieved by a selective search and on the authors' clinical and
scientific experience. RESULTS: In small children, most bite wounds are on the
head and neck; in older children and adolescents, most are on the limbs. Bite
injuries range from trivial ones needing no medical intervention to major
soft-tissue defects with the loss of functionally important structures. A bite
can transmit unusual pathogens from the saliva into the wound. The risk of
infection after a bite is 10-20%, and about 30-60% of the infections are of mixed
aerobic-anaerobic origin. Prophylactic antibiotics are recommended only for
wounds that are considered at high risk of infection in view of their type and
location, the species of the biting animal, and the characteristics of the
patient. CONCLUSION: Structured surgical management of bite wounds is the most
important factor in the prevention of infection. High-risk wounds must be
differentiated from trivial ones. Interdisciplinary management is advisable for
wounds on the hands and face.
|Animals
[MESH]
|Bites and Stings/*diagnosis/epidemiology/*therapy
[MESH]