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2018 ; 13
(4
): e0196087
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Anatomy of an online misinformation network
#MMPMID29702657
Shao C
; Hui PM
; Wang L
; Jiang X
; Flammini A
; Menczer F
; Ciampaglia GL
PLoS One
2018[]; 13
(4
): e0196087
PMID29702657
show ga
Massive amounts of fake news and conspiratorial content have spread over social
media before and after the 2016 US Presidential Elections despite intense
fact-checking efforts. How do the spread of misinformation and fact-checking
compete? What are the structural and dynamic characteristics of the core of the
misinformation diffusion network, and who are its main purveyors? How to reduce
the overall amount of misinformation? To explore these questions we built Hoaxy,
an open platform that enables large-scale, systematic studies of how
misinformation and fact-checking spread and compete on Twitter. Hoaxy captures
public tweets that include links to articles from low-credibility and
fact-checking sources. We perform k-core decomposition on a diffusion network
obtained from two million retweets produced by several hundred thousand accounts
over the six months before the election. As we move from the periphery to the
core of the network, fact-checking nearly disappears, while social bots
proliferate. The number of users in the main core reaches equilibrium around the
time of the election, with limited churn and increasingly dense connections. We
conclude by quantifying how effectively the network can be disrupted by
penalizing the most central nodes. These findings provide a first look at the
anatomy of a massive online misinformation diffusion network.
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