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2014 ; 190
(12
): 1355-62
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Airway basal cells The "smoking gun" of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
#MMPMID25354273
Crystal RG
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
2014[Dec]; 190
(12
): 1355-62
PMID25354273
show ga
The earliest abnormality in the lung associated with smoking is hyperplasia of
airway basal cells, the stem/progenitor cells of the ciliated and secretory cells
that are central to pulmonary host defense. Using cell biology and 'omics
technologies to assess basal cells isolated from bronchoscopic brushings of
nonsmokers, smokers, and smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), compelling evidence has been provided in support of the concept that
airway basal cells are central to the pathogenesis of smoking-associated lung
diseases. When confronted by the chronic stress of smoking, airway basal cells
become disorderly, regress to a more primitive state, behave as dictated by their
inheritance, are susceptible to acquired changes in their genome, lose the
capacity to regenerate the epithelium, are responsible for the major changes in
the airway that characterize COPD, and, with persistent stress, can undergo
malignant transformation. Together, these observations led to the conclusion that
accelerated loss of lung function in susceptible individuals begins with
disordered airway basal cell biology (i.e., that airway basal cells are the
"smoking gun" of COPD, a potential target for the development of therapies to
prevent smoking-related lung disorders).