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10.1080/02786826.2013.814911 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1080/02786826.2013.814911 C4666014!4666014 !26635429     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26635429 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Aerosol+Sci+Technol 2013 ; 47 (9 ): 1047-1057 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26635429 |t=2013. Aerosol Generation by Modern Flush Toilets |pdf=|usr=}}{{26635429 }} gab.com Text Aerosol Generation by Modern Flush Toilets JO: Aerosol Sci Technol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26635429 #FOAvip A microbe-contaminated toilet will produce bioaerosols when flushed. We assessed toilet plume aerosol from high efficiency (HET), pressure-assisted high efficiency (PAT), and flushometer (FOM) toilets with similar bowl water and flush volumes. Total and droplet nuclei "bioaerosols" were assessed. Monodisperse 0.25-1.9- ? m fluorescent microspheres served as microbe surrogates in separate trials in a mockup 5 m(3) water closet (WC). Bowl water seeding was approximately 10(12) particles/mL. Droplet nuclei were sampled onto 0.2- ? m pore size mixed cellulose ester filters beginning 15 min after the flush using open-face cassettes mounted on the WC walls. Pre- and postflush bowl water concentrations were measured. Filter particle counts were analyzed via fluorescent microscopy. Bowl headspace droplet count size distributions were bimodal and similar for all toilet types and flush conditions, with 95% of droplets <2?m diameter and>99%<5? m. Up to 145,000 droplets were produced per flush, with the high-energy flushometer producing over three times as many as the lower energy PAT and over 12 times as many as the lowest energy HET despite similar flush volumes. The mean numbers of fluorescent droplet nuclei particles aerosolized and remaining airborne also increased with flush energy. Fluorescent droplet nuclei per flush decreased with increasing particle size. These findings suggest two concurrent aerosolization mechanisms-splashing for large droplets and bubble bursting for the fine droplets that form droplet nuclei. Twit Text FOAVip Aerosol Generation by Modern Flush Toilets ????Aerosol Sci Technol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26635429 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26635429 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26635429 }}</ref> Aerosol Generation by Modern Flush Toilets #MMPMID26635429 Johnson D ; Lynch R ; Marshall C ; Mead K ; Hirst D Aerosol Sci Technol 2013[]; 47 (9 ): 1047-1057 PMID26635429 show ga A microbe-contaminated toilet will produce bioaerosols when flushed. We assessed toilet plume aerosol from high efficiency (HET), pressure-assisted high efficiency (PAT), and flushometer (FOM) toilets with similar bowl water and flush volumes. Total and droplet nuclei "bioaerosols" were assessed. Monodisperse 0.25-1.9- ? m fluorescent microspheres served as microbe surrogates in separate trials in a mockup 5 m(3) water closet (WC). Bowl water seeding was approximately 10(12) particles/mL. Droplet nuclei were sampled onto 0.2- ? m pore size mixed cellulose ester filters beginning 15 min after the flush using open-face cassettes mounted on the WC walls. Pre- and postflush bowl water concentrations were measured. Filter particle counts were analyzed via fluorescent microscopy. Bowl headspace droplet count size distributions were bimodal and similar for all toilet types and flush conditions, with 95% of droplets <2?m diameter and>99%<5? m. Up to 145,000 droplets were produced per flush, with the high-energy flushometer producing over three times as many as the lower energy PAT and over 12 times as many as the lowest energy HET despite similar flush volumes. The mean numbers of fluorescent droplet nuclei particles aerosolized and remaining airborne also increased with flush energy. Fluorescent droplet nuclei per flush decreased with increasing particle size. These findings suggest two concurrent aerosolization mechanisms-splashing for large droplets and bubble bursting for the fine droplets that form droplet nuclei. äAerosol Generation by Modern Flush Toilets (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing