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2017 ; 8
(4
): 7068-7093
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Advances in sarcoma diagnostics and treatment
#MMPMID27732970
Dancsok AR
; Asleh-Aburaya K
; Nielsen TO
Oncotarget
2017[Jan]; 8
(4
): 7068-7093
PMID27732970
show ga
The heterogeneity of sarcomas with regard to molecular genesis, histology,
clinical characteristics, and response to treatment makes management of these
rare yet diverse neoplasms particularly challenging. This review encompasses
recent developments in sarcoma diagnostics and treatment, including cytotoxic,
targeted, epigenetic, and immune therapy agents. In the past year, groups
internationally explored the impact of adding mandatory molecular testing to
histological diagnosis, reporting some changes in diagnosis and/or management;
however, the impact on outcomes could not be adequately assessed. Transcriptome
sequencing techniques have brought forward new diagnostic tools for identifying
fusions and/or characterizing unclassified entities. Next-generation sequencing
and advanced molecular techniques were also applied to identify potential targets
for directed and epigenetic therapy, where preclinical studies reported results
for agents active within the receptor tyrosine kinase, mTOR, Notch, Wnt,
Hedgehog, Hsp90, and MDM2 signaling networks. At the level of clinical practice,
modest developments were seen for some sarcoma subtypes in conventional
chemotherapy and in therapies targeting the pathways activated by various
receptor tyrosine kinases. In the burgeoning field of immune therapy, sarcoma
work is in its infancy; however, elaborate protocols for immune stimulation are
being explored, and checkpoint blockade agents advance from preclinical models to
clinical studies.
|*Gene Regulatory Networks/drug effects
[MESH]
|Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
[MESH]
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