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2012 ; 5
(1
): 108-120
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Advances in Retinal Tissue Engineering
#MMPMID28817034
Trese M
; Regatieri CV
; Young MJ
Materials (Basel)
2012[Jan]; 5
(1
): 108-120
PMID28817034
show ga
Retinal degenerations cause permanent visual loss and affect millions world-wide.
Current treatment strategies, such as gene therapy and anti-angiogenic drugs,
merely delay disease progression. Research is underway which aims to regenerate
the diseased retina by transplanting a variety of cell types, including embryonic
stem cells, fetal cells, progenitor cells and induced pluripotent stem cells.
Initial retinal transplantation studies injected stem and progenitor cells into
the vitreous or subretinal space with the hope that these donor cells would
migrate to the site of retinal degeneration, integrate within the host retina and
restore functional vision. Despite promising outcomes, these studies showed that
the bolus injection technique gave rise to poorly localized tissue grafts.
Subsequently, retinal tissue engineers have drawn upon the success of bone,
cartilage and vasculature tissue engineering by employing a polymeric tissue
engineering approach. This review will describe the evolution of retinal tissue
engineering to date, with particular emphasis on the types of polymers that have
routinely been used in recent investigations. Further, this review will show that
the field of retinal tissue engineering will require new types of materials and
fabrication techniques that optimize the survival, differentiation and delivery
of retinal transplant cells.
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