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2016 ; 2016
(ä): 1459394
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Adjuvants: Classification, Modus Operandi, and Licensing
#MMPMID27274998
Apostólico Jde S
; Lunardelli VA
; Coirada FC
; Boscardin SB
; Rosa DS
J Immunol Res
2016[]; 2016
(ä): 1459394
PMID27274998
show ga
Vaccination is one of the most efficient strategies for the prevention of
infectious diseases. Although safer, subunit vaccines are poorly immunogenic and
for this reason the use of adjuvants is strongly recommended. Since their
discovery in the beginning of the 20th century, adjuvants have been used to
improve immune responses that ultimately lead to protection against disease. The
choice of the adjuvant is of utmost importance as it can stimulate protective
immunity. Their mechanisms of action have now been revealed. Our increasing
understanding of the immune system, and of correlates of protection, is helping
in the development of new vaccine formulations for global infections.
Nevertheless, few adjuvants are licensed for human vaccines and several
formulations are now being evaluated in clinical trials. In this review, we
briefly describe the most well known adjuvants used in experimental and clinical
settings based on their main mechanisms of action and also highlight the
requirements for licensing new vaccine formulations.
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