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2016 ; 8
(2
): 101-9
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Adiponectin signaling and function in insulin target tissues
#MMPMID26993044
Ruan H
; Dong LQ
J Mol Cell Biol
2016[Apr]; 8
(2
): 101-9
PMID26993044
show ga
Obesity-linked type 2 diabetes is one of the paramount causes of morbidity and
mortality worldwide, posing a major threat on human health, productivity, and
quality of life. Despite great progress made towards a better understanding of
the molecular basis of diabetes, the available clinical counter-measures against
insulin resistance, a defect that is central to obesity-linked type 2 diabetes,
remain inadequate. Adiponectin, an abundant adipocyte-secreted factor with a
wide-range of biological activities, improves insulin sensitivity in major
insulin target tissues, modulates inflammatory responses, and plays a crucial
role in the regulation of energy metabolism. However, adiponectin as a promising
therapeutic approach has not been thoroughly explored in the context of
pharmacological intervention, and extensive efforts are being devoted to gain
mechanistic understanding of adiponectin signaling and its regulation, and reveal
therapeutic targets. Here, we discuss tissue- and cell-specific functions of
adiponectin, with an emphasis on the regulation of adiponectin signaling
pathways, and the potential crosstalk between the adiponectin and other signaling
pathways involved in metabolic regulation. Understanding better just why and how
adiponectin and its downstream effector molecules work will be essential,
together with empirical trials, to guide us to therapies that target the root
cause(s) of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.