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2020 ; 13
(5
): 100125
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Acute asthma management during SARS-CoV2-pandemic 2020
#MMPMID32411315
Levin M
; Ansotegui IJ
; Bernstein J
; Chang YS
; Chikhladze M
; Ebisawa M
; Fiocchi A
; Heffler E
; Martin B
; Morais-Almeida M
; Papadopoulos NG
; Peden D
; Wong GWK
World Allergy Organ J
2020[May]; 13
(5
): 100125
PMID32411315
show ga
BACKGROUND: The current COVID-19 pandemic has changed many medical practices in
order to provide additional protection to both our patients and healthcare
providers. In many cases this includes seeing patients through electronic means
such as telehealth or telephone rather than seeing them in person. Asthma
exacerbations cannot always be treated in this way. PROBLEM: Current emergency
unit asthma guidelines recommend bronchodilators be administered by metered dose
inhaler (MDI) and spacer for mild-moderate asthma and include it as a choice even
in severe asthma, but many emergency units continue to prefer nebulised therapy
for patients who urgently require beta-agonists. The utilization of nebulised
therapy potentially increases the risk of aerosolization of the coronavirus.
Since nosocomial transmission of respiratory pathogens is a major threat in the
context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, use of nebulised therapy is of even greater
concern due to the potential increased risk of infection spread to nearby
patients and healthcare workers. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: We propose a risk
stratification plan that aims to avoid nebulised therapy, when possible, by
providing an algorithm to help better delineate those who require nebulised
therapy. Protocols that include strategies to allow flexibility in using MDIs
rather than nebulisers in all but the most severe patients should help mitigate
this risk of aerosolised infection transmission to patients and health care
providers. Furthermore, expedient treatment of patients with high dose MDI
therapy augmented with more rapid initiation of systemic therapy may help ensure
patients are less likely to deteriorate to the stage where nebulisers are
required.