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2016 ; 12
(2
): 121-31
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Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Heart Failure
#MMPMID26585035
Riley A
; Gebhard DJ
; Akcan-Arikan A
Curr Cardiol Rev
2016[]; 12
(2
): 121-31
PMID26585035
show ga
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is very common in pediatric medical and surgical
cardiac patients. Not only is it an independent risk factor for increased
morbidity and mortality in the short run, but repeated episodes of AKI lead to
chronic kidney disease (CKD) especially in the most vulnerable hosts with
multiple risk factors, such as heart transplant recipients. The cardiorenal
syndrome, a term coined to emphasize the bidirectional nature of simultaneous or
sequential cardiac-renal dysfunction both in acute and chronic settings, has been
recently described in adults but scarcely reported in children. Despite the
common occurrence and clinical and financial impact, AKI in pediatric heart
failure outside of cardiac surgery populations remains poorly studied and there
are no large-scale pediatric specific preventive or therapeutic studies to date.
This article will review pediatric aspects of the cardiorenal syndrome in terms
of pathophysiology, clinical impact and treatment options.