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2016 ; 9
(1
): 3-9
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Abdominal injuries in communal crises: The Jos experience
#MMPMID26957819
Ojo EO
; Ozoilo KN
; Sule AZ
; Ugwu BT
; Misauno MA
; Ismaila BO
; Peter SD
; Adejumo AA
J Emerg Trauma Shock
2016[Jan]; 9
(1
): 3-9
PMID26957819
show ga
BACKGROUND: Abdominal injuries contribute significantly to battlefield trauma
morbidity and mortality. This study sought to determine the incidence,
demographics, clinical features, spectrum, severity, management, and outcome of
abdominal trauma during a civilian conflict. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective
analysis of patients treated for abdominal trauma during the Jos civil crises
between December 2010 and May 2012 at the Jos University Teaching Hospital.
RESULTS: A total of 109 victims of communal conflicts with abdominal injuries
were managed during the study period with 89 (81.7%) males and 20 (18.3%) females
representing about 12.2% of the total 897 combat related injuries. The peak age
incidence was between 21 and 40 years (range: 3-71 years). The most frequently
injured intra-abdominal organs were the small intestine 69 (63.3%), colon 48
(44%), and liver 41 (37.6%). Forty-four (40.4%) patients had extra-abdominal
injuries involving the chest in 17 (15.6%), musculoskeletal 12 (11%), and the
head in 9 (8.3%). The most prevalent weapon injuries were gunshot 76 (69.7%),
explosives 12 (11%), stab injuries 11 (10.1%), and blunt abdominal trauma 10
(9.2%). The injury severity score varied from 8 to 52 (mean: 20.8) with a
fatality rate of 11 (10.1%) and morbidity rate of 29 (26.6%). Presence of
irreversible shock, 3 or more injured intra-abdominal organs, severe head
injuries, and delayed presentation were the main factors associated with
mortality. CONCLUSION: Abdominal trauma is major life-threatening injuries during
conflicts. Substantial mortality occurred with loss of nearly one in every 10
hospitalized victims despite aggressive emergency room resuscitation. The
resources expenditure, propensity for death and expediency of timing reinforce
the need for early access to the wounded in a concerted trauma care systems.