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2014 ; 35
(11
): 575-82
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AGXT2: a promiscuous aminotransferase
#MMPMID25294000
Rodionov RN
; Jarzebska N
; Weiss N
; Lentz SR
Trends Pharmacol Sci
2014[Nov]; 35
(11
): 575-82
PMID25294000
show ga
Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2) is a multifunctional mitochondrial
aminotransferase that was first identified in 1978. The physiological importance
of AGXT2 was largely overlooked for three decades because AGXT2 is less active in
glyoxylate metabolism than AGXT1, the enzyme that is deficient in primary
hyperoxaluria type I. Recently, several novel functions of AGXT2 have been
'rediscovered' in the setting of modern genomic and metabolomic studies. It is
now apparent that AGXT2 has multiple substrates and products and that altered
AGXT2 activity may contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, renal,
neurological, and hematological diseases. This article reviews the biochemical
properties and physiological functions of AGXT2, its unique role at the
intersection of key mitochondrial pathways, and its potential as a drug target.