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2017 ; 4
(3
): 160908
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A unified model of the standard genetic code
#MMPMID28405378
José MV
; Zamudio GS
; Morgado ER
R Soc Open Sci
2017[Mar]; 4
(3
): 160908
PMID28405378
show ga
The Rodin-Ohno (RO) and the Delarue models divide the table of the genetic code
into two classes of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs I and II) with recognition
from the minor or major groove sides of the tRNA acceptor stem, respectively.
These models are asymmetric but they are biologically meaningful. On the other
hand, the standard genetic code (SGC) can be derived from the primeval RNY code
(R stands for purines, Y for pyrimidines and N any of them). In this work, the
RO-model is derived by means of group actions, namely, symmetries represented by
automorphisms, assuming that the SGC originated from a primeval RNY code. It
turns out that the RO-model is symmetric in a six-dimensional (6D) hypercube.
Conversely, using the same automorphisms, we show that the RO-model can lead to
the SGC. In addition, the asymmetric Delarue model becomes symmetric by means of
quotient group operations. We formulate isometric functions that convert the
class aaRS I into the class aaRS II and vice versa. We show that the four polar
requirement categories display a symmetrical arrangement in our 6D hypercube.
Altogether these results cannot be attained, neither in two nor in three
dimensions. We discuss the present unified 6D algebraic model, which is
compatible with both the SGC (based upon the primeval RNY code) and the RO-model.
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