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2015 ; 6
(ä): 285
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A survey about methods dedicated to epistasis detection
#MMPMID26442103
Niel C
; Sinoquet C
; Dina C
; Rocheleau G
Front Genet
2015[]; 6
(ä): 285
PMID26442103
show ga
During the past decade, findings of genome-wide association studies (GWAS)
improved our knowledge and understanding of disease genetics. To date, thousands
of SNPs have been associated with diseases and other complex traits. Statistical
analysis typically looks for association between a phenotype and a SNP taken
individually via single-locus tests. However, geneticists admit this is an
oversimplified approach to tackle the complexity of underlying biological
mechanisms. Interaction between SNPs, namely epistasis, must be considered.
Unfortunately, epistasis detection gives rise to analytic challenges since
analyzing every SNP combination is at present impractical at a genome-wide scale.
In this review, we will present the main strategies recently proposed to detect
epistatic interactions, along with their operating principle. Some of these
methods are exhaustive, such as multifactor dimensionality reduction, likelihood
ratio-based tests or receiver operating characteristic curve analysis; some are
non-exhaustive, such as machine learning techniques (random forests, Bayesian
networks) or combinatorial optimization approaches (ant colony optimization,
computational evolution system).