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2016 ; 6
(ä): 23832
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A snail-eating snake recognizes prey handedness
#MMPMID27046345
Danaisawadi P
; Asami T
; Ota H
; Sutcharit C
; Panha S
Sci Rep
2016[Apr]; 6
(ä): 23832
PMID27046345
show ga
Specialized predator-prey interactions can be a driving force for their
coevolution. Southeast Asian snail-eating snakes (Pareas) have more teeth on the
right mandible and specialize in predation on the clockwise-coiled (dextral)
majority in shelled snails by soft-body extraction. Snails have countered the
snakes' dextral-predation by recurrent coil reversal, which generates diverse
counterclockwise-coiled (sinistral) prey where Pareas snakes live. However,
whether the snake predator in turn evolves any response to prey reversal is
unknown. We show that Pareas carinatus living with abundant sinistrals avoids
approaching or striking at a sinistral that is more difficult and costly to
handle than a dextral. Whenever it strikes, however, the snake succeeds in
predation by handling dextral and sinistral prey in reverse. In contrast, P.
iwasakii with little access to sinistrals on small peripheral islands attempts
and frequently misses capturing a given sinistral. Prey-handedness recognition
should be advantageous for right-handed snail-eating snakes where frequently
encountering sinistrals. Under dextral-predation by Pareas snakes, adaptive
fixation of a prey population for a reversal gene instantaneously generates a
sinistral species because interchiral mating is rarely possible. The novel
warning, instead of sheltering, effect of sinistrality benefitting both predators
and prey could further accelerate single-gene ecological speciation by left-right
reversal.