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2015 ; 43
(6
): 3068-78
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A positioned +1 nucleosome enhances promoter-proximal pausing
#MMPMID25735750
Jimeno-González S
; Ceballos-Chávez M
; Reyes JC
Nucleic Acids Res
2015[Mar]; 43
(6
): 3068-78
PMID25735750
show ga
Chromatin distribution is not uniform along the human genome. In most genes there
is a promoter-associated nucleosome free region (NFR) followed by an array of
nucleosomes towards the gene body in which the first (+1) nucleosome is strongly
positioned. The function of this characteristic chromatin distribution in
transcription is not fully understood. Here we show in vivo that the +1
nucleosome plays a role in modulating RNA polymerase II (RNAPII)
promoter-proximal pausing. When a +1 nucleosome is strongly positioned,
elongating RNAPII has a tendency to stall at the promoter-proximal region,
recruits more negative elongation factor (NELF) and produces less mRNA. The
nucleosome-induced pause favors pre-mRNA quality control by promoting the
addition of the cap to the nascent RNA. Moreover, the uncapped RNAs produced in
the absence of a positioned nucleosome are degraded by the 5'-3' exonuclease
XRN2. Interestingly, reducing the levels of the chromatin remodeler ISWI factor
SNF2H decreases +1 nucleosome positioning and increases RNAPII pause release.
This work demonstrates a function for +1 nucleosome in regulation of
transcription elongation, pre-mRNA processing and gene expression.