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2016 ; 6
(2
): 20150094
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A physiome interoperability roadmap for personalized drug development
#MMPMID27051513
Thomas S
; Wolstencroft K
; de Bono B
; Hunter PJ
Interface Focus
2016[Apr]; 6
(2
): 20150094
PMID27051513
show ga
The goal of developing therapies and dosage regimes for characterized subgroups
of the general population can be facilitated by the use of simulation models able
to incorporate information about inter-individual variability in drug disposition
(pharmacokinetics), toxicity and response effect (pharmacodynamics). Such
observed variability can have multiple causes at various scales, ranging from
gross anatomical differences to differences in genome sequence. Relevant data for
many of these aspects, particularly related to molecular assays (known as
'-omics'), are available in online resources, but identification and assignment
to appropriate model variables and parameters is a significant bottleneck in the
model development process. Through its efforts to standardize annotation with
consequent increase in data usability, the human physiome project has a vital
role in improving productivity in model development and, thus, the development of
personalized therapy regimes. Here, we review the current status of personalized
medicine in clinical practice, outline some of the challenges that must be
overcome in order to expand its applicability, and discuss the relevance of
personalized medicine to the more widespread challenges being faced in drug
discovery and development. We then review some of (i) the key data resources
available for use in model development and (ii) the potential areas where
advances made within the physiome modelling community could contribute to
physiologically based pharmacokinetic and physiologically based
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling in support of personalized drug
development. We conclude by proposing a roadmap to further guide the physiome
community in its on-going efforts to improve data usability, and integration with
modelling efforts in the support of personalized medicine development.