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2014 ; 64
(12
): 1073-1083
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A Structural Basis for How Motile Cilia Beat
#MMPMID26955066
Satir P
; Heuser T
; Sale WS
Bioscience
2014[Dec]; 64
(12
): 1073-1083
PMID26955066
show ga
The motile cilium is a mechanical wonder, a cellular nanomachine that produces a
high-speed beat based on a cycle of bends that move along an axoneme made of 9+2
microtubules. The molecular motors, dyneins, power the ciliary beat. The dyneins
are compacted into inner and outer dynein arms, whose activity is highly
regulated to produce microtubule sliding and axonemal bending. The switch point
hypothesis was developed long ago to account for how sliding in the presence of
axonemal radial spoke-central pair interactions causes the ciliary beat. Since
then, a new genetic, biochemical, and structural complexity has been discovered,
in part, with Chlamydomonas mutants, with high-speed, high-resolution analysis of
movement and with cryoelectron tomography. We stand poised on the brink of new
discoveries relating to the molecular control of motility that extend and refine
our understanding of the basic events underlying the switching of arm activity
and of bend formation and propagation.