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2014 ; 10
(40
): 8095-106
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3D Viscoelastic traction force microscopy
#MMPMID25170569
Toyjanova J
; Hannen E
; Bar-Kochba E
; Darling EM
; Henann DL
; Franck C
Soft Matter
2014[Oct]; 10
(40
): 8095-106
PMID25170569
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Native cell-material interactions occur on materials differing in their
structural composition, chemistry, and physical compliance. While the last two
decades have shown the importance of traction forces during cell-material
interactions, they have been almost exclusively presented on purely elastic in
vitro materials. Yet, most bodily tissue materials exhibit some level of
viscoelasticity, which could play an important role in how cells sense and
transduce tractions. To expand the realm of cell traction measurements and to
encompass all materials from elastic to viscoelastic, this paper presents a
general, and comprehensive approach for quantifying 3D cell tractions in
viscoelastic materials. This methodology includes the experimental
characterization of the time-dependent material properties for any viscoelastic
material with the subsequent mathematical implementation of the determined
material model into a 3D traction force microscopy (3D TFM) framework. Utilizing
this new 3D viscoelastic TFM (3D VTFM) approach, we quantify the influence of
viscosity on the overall material traction calculations and quantify the error
associated with omitting time-dependent material effects, as is the case for all
other TFM formulations. We anticipate that the 3D VTFM technique will open up new
avenues of cell-material investigations on even more physiologically relevant
time-dependent materials including collagen and fibrin gels.
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