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2015 ; 8
(ä): 189-200
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1p36 deletion syndrome: an update
#MMPMID26345236
Jordan VK
; Zaveri HP
; Scott DA
Appl Clin Genet
2015[]; 8
(ä): 189-200
PMID26345236
show ga
Deletions of chromosome 1p36 affect approximately 1 in 5,000 newborns and are the
most common terminal deletions in humans. Medical problems commonly caused by
terminal deletions of 1p36 include developmental delay, intellectual disability,
seizures, vision problems, hearing loss, short stature, distinctive facial
features, brain anomalies, orofacial clefting, congenital heart defects,
cardiomyopathy, and renal anomalies. Although 1p36 deletion syndrome is
considered clinically recognizable, there is significant phenotypic variation
among affected individuals. This variation is due, at least in part, to the
genetic heterogeneity seen in 1p36 deletions which include terminal and
interstitial deletions of varying lengths located throughout the 30 Mb of DNA
that comprise chromosome 1p36. Array-based copy number variant analysis can
easily identify genomic regions of 1p36 that are deleted in an affected
individual. However, predicting the phenotype of an individual based solely on
the location and extent of their 1p36 deletion remains a challenge since most of
the genes that contribute to 1p36-related phenotypes have yet to be identified.
In addition, haploinsufficiency of more than one gene may contribute to some
phenotypes. In this article, we review recent successes in the effort to map and
identify the genes and genomic regions that contribute to specific 1p36-related
phenotypes. In particular, we highlight evidence implicating MMP23B, GABRD, SKI,
PRDM16, KCNAB2, RERE, UBE4B, CASZ1, PDPN, SPEN, ECE1, HSPG2, and LUZP1 in various
1p36 deletion phenotypes.