Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
 
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve
Pubget Overpricing |  
lüll
Sympathetic activation in heart failure and its treatment with beta-blockade Pepper GS; Lee RWArch Intern Med 1999[Feb]; 159 (3): 225-34Multiple models explaining the pathogenesis of heart failure have been put forth during the past 5 decades. These models were modified as clinical evidence supported or refuted their assumptions. During the past 2 decades, heart failure models emphasized the importance of neurohormonal systems in heart failure progression. The positive impact that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have had on mortality from heart failure has bolstered the neurohormonal theory. Attention recently has turned to the sympathetic nervous system and its potential deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system in heart failure. The sympathetic nervous system can negatively impact the cardiovascular system in heart failure in several ways, including down-regulating beta1-receptors, exerting direct toxic effects on the myocardium, and contributing to myocardial remodeling and life-threatening arrhythmias. Beta-adrenergic blockers have shown promise for reducing morbidity and mortality in heart failure, but definitive reductions in mortality remain to be shown by future investigations.|Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Heart Conduction System/*drug effects/physiopathology[MESH]|Heart Failure/*drug therapy/mortality/*physiopathology[MESH]|Hemodynamics[MESH]|Hormones/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Multicenter Studies as Topic[MESH]|Neuropeptides/metabolism[MESH]|Prognosis[MESH]|Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic[MESH]|Sympathetic Nervous System/*drug effects/physiopathology[MESH] |
