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lüll Escherichia coli and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome Begue RE; Mehta DI; Blecker USouth Med J 1998[Sep]; 91 (9): 798-804BACKGROUND: The hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) comprises hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure, and thrombocytopenia. It is the most frequent cause of acute renal failure in children. METHODS: This review is based on an extensive overview of the literature dealing with the HUS in children. RESULTS: HUS is the most common cause of acute renal failure in infants and young children and follows a diarrheal prodrome approximately 90% of the time. Nearly all postdiarrheal cases are caused by enterohemorrhagic E coli infections, in particular serotype O157:H7. Mortality is around 5%, and approximately 50% of survivors manifest some types of sequelae. CONCLUSION: Surveillance and contact investigation are important to control outbreaks, as well as early and aggressive treatment of symptomatic subjects to prevent mortality and severe complications, such as chronic renal disease.|*Escherichia coli O157[MESH]|Child[MESH]|Escherichia coli Infections/*complications/diagnosis/therapy[MESH]|Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/diagnosis/*microbiology/therapy[MESH]|Humans[MESH] |