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lüll Overview of interleukin-18: more than an interferon-gamma inducing factor Dinarello CA; Novick D; Puren AJ; Fantuzzi G; Shapiro L; Muhl H; Yoon DY; Reznikov LL; Kim SH; Rubinstein MJ Leukoc Biol 1998[Jun]; 63 (6): 658-64Initially described in 1989 as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) inducing factor (IGIF), interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a novel pro-inflammatory cytokine that is clearly more than an inducer of IFN-gamma. The cytokine possesses several biological properties such as activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), Fas ligand expression, the induction of both CC and CXC chemokines, and increased production of competent human immunodeficiency virus. Most activities are due to a receptor complex that recruits the IL-1 receptor-activating kinase (IRAK), leading to translocation of NF-kappaB. This property and others support the concept that IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family. Indeed, one of the IL-18 receptor chains is the IL-1 receptor-related protein, a member of the IL-1R family. In addition, IL-18 is structurally similar to IL-1beta and like IL-1beta is first synthesized as a leaderless precursor requiring the IL-1beta converting enzyme for cleavage into an active molecule. The biology of IL-18 is reviewed in the overview and the implication for a role for this cytokine in disease is presented.|*Interferon Inducers/metabolism[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Cytokines/genetics/metabolism/*physiology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis[MESH]|Interleukin-18[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Rats[MESH] |