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Behavior systems and reinforcement: an integrative approach Timberlake WJ Exp Anal Behav 1993[Jul]; 60 (1): 105-28Most traditional conceptions of reinforcement are based on a simple causal model in which responding is strengthened by the presentation of a reinforcer. I argue that reinforcement is better viewed as the outcome of constraint of a functioning causal system comprised of multiple interrelated causal sequences, complex linkages between causes and effects, and a set of initial conditions. Using a simplified system conception of the reinforcement situation, I review the similarities and drawbacks of traditional reinforcement models and analyze the recent contributions of cognitive, regulatory, and ecological approaches. Finally, I show how the concept of behavior systems can begin to incorporate both traditional and recent conceptions of reinforcement in an integrative approach.|*Behavior, Animal[MESH]|*Reinforcement, Psychology[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Behaviorism[MESH]|Cognition/*physiology[MESH]|Columbidae[MESH]|Conditioning, Psychological[MESH]|Ecology[MESH]|Learning[MESH]|Memory/physiology[MESH]|Rats[MESH] |
