Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
 free
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
 free
 free
Warning: file_get_contents(http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=6209862&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 445
 
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve
Pubget Overpricing |  
lüll
Pain--mechanics and management Fields HL; Levine JDWest J Med 1984[Sep]; 141 (3): 347-57In the past two decades there has been remarkable progress in understanding the neural mechanisms of pain. However, chronic pain is poorly understood and, by definition, poorly managed. In addition to hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and damage to normal inhibitory mechanisms, social and psychological factors play a major role in producing the disability of chronic pain. New approaches to manage chronic pain include nonopiate drugs, transcutaneous electral nerve stimulation and psychological and behavioral methods. A nervous system network has recently been described that suppresses pain. This analgesic action is mediated by endogenous opioid peptides (endorphins) and by biogenic amines. The analgesia network can be activated either by electral stimulation or by opiates such as morphine or methadone.|Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage/pharmacology[MESH]|Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology[MESH]|Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/pharmacology[MESH]|Arachidonic Acids/metabolism[MESH]|Autonomic Nervous System/physiopathology[MESH]|Chronic Disease[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Neurons, Afferent/physiology[MESH]|Nociceptors/physiopathology[MESH]|Pain Management[MESH]|Pain/*physiopathology[MESH]|Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use[MESH]|Sensory Thresholds[MESH]|Substance P/physiology[MESH]|Sympatholytics/therapeutic use[MESH]|Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation[MESH] |
