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  lüll Psychosurgery and the limbic system Kelly DPostgrad Med J  1973[Dec]; 49 (578): 825-33The limbic system can be considered to consist of a central 'core' from which  three well-defined circuits emerge. These are the Papez or medial circuit, the  basolateral circuit and the defence reaction circuit. The functions of the  primitive limbic brain are modulated by a higher order control-the frontal lobe.  Emotional responses and physiological changes have been obtained by stimulation  of fronto-limbic pathways and limbic circuits and these have been used for  location of target sites in psychosurgery. For the relief of intractable  depression and anxiety, lesions are generally made in the lower medial quadrant  or posteroorbital part of the frontal lobe, where there is a concentration of  fronto-limbic connections. In primary obsessional neurosis lesions at this site  produce less satisfactory results, but these illnesses may be helped by lesions  in the cingulate gyrus, which is part of the Papez circuit. Patients with  epilepsy and aggressive outbursts may respond to temporal lobotomy, or to  operations, such as amygdalotomy, where lesions are placed in the defence  reaction circuit.|*Psychosurgery[MESH]|Amygdala/surgery[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Anorexia Nervosa/surgery[MESH]|Emotions[MESH]|Epilepsy/surgery[MESH]|Feeding Behavior[MESH]|Frontal Lobe/anatomy & histology[MESH]|Gyrus Cinguli/surgery[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Limbic System/anatomy & histology/physiology/*surgery[MESH]|Memory[MESH]|Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/surgery[MESH] |