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lüll Multiphoton microscopy: an introduction to gastroenterologists Cho HJ; Chun HJ; Kim ES; Cho BRWorld J Gastroenterol 2011[Oct]; 17 (40): 4456-60Multiphoton microscopy, relying on the simultaneous absorption of two or more photons by a fluorophore, has come to occupy a prominent place in modern biomedical research with its ability to allow real-time observation of a single cell and molecules in intact tissues. Multiphoton microscopy exhibits nonlinear optical contrast properties, which can make it possible to provide an exceptionally large depth penetration with less phototoxicity. This system becomes more and more an inspiring tool for a non-invasive imaging system to realize "optical biopsy" and to examine the functions of living cells. In this review, we briefly present the physical principles and properties of multiphoton microscopy as well as the current applications in biological fields. In addition, we address what we see as the future potential of multiphoton microscopy for gastroenterologic research.|Diagnostic Imaging/methods[MESH]|Fluorescent Dyes/metabolism[MESH]|Gastroenterology/*methods[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton/*methods[MESH]|Neoplasms/metabolism/pathology[MESH] |