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Intracellular localization and cellular factors interaction of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 Tax proteins: similarities and functional differences Bertazzoni U; Turci M; Avesani F; Di Gennaro G; Bidoia C; Romanelli MGViruses 2011[May]; 3 (5): 541-560Human T-lymphotropic viruses type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) present very similar genomic structures but HTLV-1 is more pathogenic than HTLV-2. Is this difference due to their transactivating Tax proteins, Tax-1 and Tax-2, which are responsible for viral and cellular gene activation? Do Tax-1 and Tax-2 differ in their cellular localization and in their interaction pattern with cellular factors? In this review, we summarize Tax-1 and Tax-2 structural and phenotypic properties, their interaction with factors involved in signal transduction and their localization-related behavior within the cell. Special attention will be given to the distinctions between Tax-1 and Tax-2 that likely play an important role in their transactivation activity.|Gene Products, tax/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|HTLV-I Infections/genetics/*metabolism/*virology[MESH]|HTLV-II Infections/genetics/metabolism/*virology[MESH]|Human T-lymphotropic virus 1/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Human T-lymphotropic virus 2/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Protein Transport[MESH]|Transcriptional Activation[MESH] |
