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lüll Therapeutic targets for bone metastases in breast cancer Clezardin PBreast Cancer Res 2011[Apr]; 13 (2): 207Breast cancer is prone to metastasize to bone. Once metastatic cells are in the bone marrow, they do not, on their own, destroy bone. Instead, they alter the functions of bone-resorbing (osteoclasts) and bone-forming cells (osteoblasts), resulting in skeletal complications that cause pathological fractures and pain. In this review, we describe promising molecular bone-targeted therapies that have arisen from recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of breast cancer bone metastases. These therapies target osteoclasts (receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand, integrin alphavbeta3, c-Src, cathepsin K), osteoblasts (dickkopf-1, activin A, endothelin A) and the bone marrow microenvironment (transforming growth factor beta, bone morphogenetic proteins, chemokine CXCL-12 and its receptor CXCR4). The clinical exploitation of these bone-targeted agents will provide oncologists with novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of skeletal lesions in breast cancer.|Bone Diseases/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology[MESH]|Bone Marrow/drug effects[MESH]|Bone Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology/*secondary[MESH]|Breast Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*pathology[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Molecular Targeted Therapy/*methods[MESH]|Osteoblasts/drug effects/metabolism/pathology[MESH]|Osteoclasts/drug effects/metabolism/pathology[MESH] |