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Novel targeted therapeutics: inhibitors of MDM2, ALK and PARP Yuan Y; Liao YM; Hsueh CT; Mirshahidi HRJ Hematol Oncol 2011[Apr]; 4 (ä): 16We reviewed preclinical data and clinical development of MDM2 (murine double minute 2), ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) and PARP (poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase) inhibitors. MDM2 binds to p53, and promotes degradation of p53 through ubiquitin-proteasome degradation. JNJ-26854165 and RO5045337 are 2 small-molecule inhibitors of MDM2 in clinical development. ALK is a transmembrane protein and a member of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinases. EML4-ALK fusion gene is identified in approximately 3-13% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Early-phase clinical studies with Crizotinib, an ALK inhibitor, in NSCLC harboring EML4-ALK have demonstrated promising activity with high response rate and prolonged progression-free survival. PARPs are a family of nuclear enzymes that regulates the repair of DNA single-strand breaks through the base excision repair pathway. Randomized phase II study has shown adding PARP-1 inhibitor BSI-201 to cytotoxic chemotherapy improves clinical outcome in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Olaparib, another oral small-molecule PARP inhibitor, demonstrated encouraging single-agent activity in patients with advanced breast or ovarian cancer. There are 5 other PARP inhibitors currently under active clinical investigation.|*Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors[MESH]|Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology[MESH]|Enzyme Inhibitors/*pharmacology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Molecular Targeted Therapy[MESH]|Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*enzymology[MESH]|Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/*antagonists & inhibitors[MESH]|Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors[MESH] |
