Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
 free
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
 free
 free
 
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve
Pubget Overpricing |  
lüll
TGF-beta signaling in breast cancer cell invasion and bone metastasis Drabsch Y; ten Dijke PJ Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2011[Jun]; 16 (2): 97-108The contribution of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling to breast cancer has been studied for more than two decades. In an early phase TGF-beta may act as a tumour suppressor, while later, when cells have become resistant to its anti-mitogenic effects, the role of TGF-beta switches towards malignant conversion and progression. TGF-beta stimulates cell invasion and modifies the microenvironment to the advantage of cancer cells. Studies have shown that TGF-beta promotes bone and lung metastasis via different mechanisms. The therapeutic strategies to target the TGF-beta pathway in breast cancer are becoming increasingly clear. This review will focus on the role TGF-beta in breast cancer invasion and metastasis.|Animals[MESH]|Bone Neoplasms/*metabolism/*secondary[MESH]|Breast Neoplasms/*metabolism/*pathology[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Neoplasm Invasiveness[MESH]|Transforming Growth Factor beta/*metabolism[MESH] |
