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  lüll A complex relationship: the interaction among symbiotic microbes, invading  pathogens, and their mammalian host Curtis MM; Sperandio VMucosal Immunol  2011[Mar]; 4 (2): 133-8Symbiosis between microbes and their mammalian host is vital to maintaining  homeostasis. Symbiotic microbes within the gastrointestinal tract provide an  array of benefits to the host, including promotion of host immunity. A  coordinated effort of the host and symbiotic microbes deters the colonization and  survival of many invading pathogens. However, pathogens have devised strategies  to overcome these mechanisms. Furthermore, some pathogens can hijack host  hormones and bacterial autoinducers to induce virulence traits. Intra- and  inter-species (bacteria/bacteria) and interkingdom (bacteria/host) communication  orchestrates the complex relationship among symbiotic microbes, invading  pathogens, and their mammalian host. Insight into this communication will provide  a foundation for the development of targeted antimicrobial therapies.|*Host-Pathogen Interactions[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Bacteria/immunology[MESH]|Bacterial Infections/immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Lung/immunology/microbiology/physiopathology[MESH]|Quorum Sensing/physiology[MESH]|Symbiosis/*physiology[MESH] |