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lüll Pathophysiological roles of aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptor in the kidney Rafiq K; Hitomi H; Nakano D; Nishiyama AJ Pharmacol Sci 2011[]; 115 (1): 1-7Aldosterone, a steroid hormone, has traditionally been viewed as a key regulator of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, as well as blood pressure, through the activation of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). However, a number of studies performed in the last decade have revealed an important role of aldosterone/MR in the pathogenesis of renal injury. Aldosterone/MR-induced renal tissue injury is associated with increased renal inflammation and oxidative stress, fibrosis, mesangial cell proliferation, and podocyte injury, probably through genomic and non-genomic pathways. However, our preliminary data have indicated that acute administration of aldosterone or a selective MR antagonist, eplerenone, does not change blood pressure, heart rate, or renal blood flow. These data suggest that aldosterone/MR induces renal injury through mechanisms that are independent of acute changes in systemic and renal hemodynamics. In this review, we will briefly summarize the roles of aldosterone/MR in the pathogenesis of renal injury, focusing on the underlying mechanisms that are independent of systemic and renal hemodynamic changes.|Aldosterone/*physiology[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Blood Pressure[MESH]|Electrolytes/metabolism[MESH]|Eplerenone[MESH]|Homeostasis[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Kidney Diseases/*etiology/pathology/physiopathology[MESH]|Kidney/pathology/physiopathology[MESH]|Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists[MESH]|Oxidative Stress[MESH]|Rats[MESH]|Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/*physiology[MESH]|Renal Circulation[MESH]|Spironolactone/analogs & derivatives[MESH] |