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lüll Ghrelin and lipid metabolism: key partners in energy balance Varela L; Vazquez MJ; Cordido F; Nogueiras R; Vidal-Puig A; Dieguez C; Lopez MJ Mol Endocrinol 2011[Apr]; 46 (2): R43-63Ghrelin, the endogenous ligand of the GH secretagogue receptor, has a pleiotropic role in the modulation of energy balance. Recent evidence has demonstrated that besides its orexigenic role, ghrelin regulates central and peripheral lipid metabolism through specific control of hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a critical metabolic gauge regulating both cellular and whole-body energy homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the new milestones of ghrelin's actions on energy balance, with particular focus on its molecular interaction with hypothalamic AMPK and fatty acid metabolism. Understanding this new metabolic pathway can provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and the metabolic syndrome.|AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Body Weight[MESH]|Energy Metabolism/physiology[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Gene Expression[MESH]|Ghrelin/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Growth Hormone/metabolism[MESH]|Homeostasis[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Hypothalamus/metabolism[MESH]|Lipid Metabolism/*physiology[MESH]|Male[MESH]|Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism/physiopathology[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Mice, Transgenic[MESH]|Obesity/metabolism/physiopathology[MESH]|Receptors, Ghrelin/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Rodentia[MESH]|Signal Transduction[MESH] |