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lüll Implications of the polymorphism of HLA-G on its function, regulation, evolution and disease association Donadi EA; Castelli EC; Arnaiz-Villena A; Roger M; Rey D; Moreau PCell Mol Life Sci 2011[Feb]; 68 (3): 369-95The HLA-G gene displays several peculiarities that are distinct from those of classical HLA class I genes. The unique structure of the HLA-G molecule permits a restricted peptide presentation and allows the modulation of the cells of the immune system. Although polymorphic sites may potentially influence all biological functions of HLA-G, those present at the promoter and 3' untranslated regions have been particularly studied in experimental and pathological conditions. The relatively low polymorphism observed in the MHC-G coding region both in humans and apes may represent a strong selective pressure for invariance, whereas, in regulatory regions several lines of evidence support the role of balancing selection. Since HLA-G has immunomodulatory properties, the understanding of gene regulation and the role of polymorphic sites on gene function may permit an individualized approach for the future use of HLA-G for therapeutic purposes.|*Polymorphism, Genetic[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Autoimmune Diseases/genetics/immunology[MESH]|Base Sequence[MESH]|Evolution, Molecular[MESH]|HLA Antigens/chemistry/*genetics/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|HLA-G Antigens[MESH]|Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/chemistry/*genetics/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Models, Molecular[MESH]|Molecular Sequence Data[MESH]|Neoplasms/genetics/immunology[MESH]|Transplantation Immunology[MESH]|Virus Diseases/etiology/genetics/immunology[MESH] |