Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
free
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
free free
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing |
lüll Pulmonary hypertension in women Pugh ME; Hemnes ARExpert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2010[Nov]; 8 (11): 1549-58Female predominance in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has been known for several decades and recent interest in the effects of sex hormones on the development of disease has substantially increased our understanding of this epidemiologic observation. Basic science data suggest a beneficial effect of estrogens in the pulmonary vasculature both acutely and chronically, which seems to contradict the known predilection in women. Recent human and rodent data have suggested that altered levels of estrogen, differential signaling and altered metabolism of estrogens in PAH may underlie the gender difference in this disease. Studies of the effects of sex hormones on the right ventricle in animal and human disease will further aid in understanding gender differences in PAH. This article focuses on the effects of sex hormones on the pulmonary vasculature and right ventricle on both a basic science and translational level.|Animals[MESH]|Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use[MESH]|Endothelin Receptor Antagonists[MESH]|Estrogens/*physiology[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*physiology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy/*physiopathology[MESH]|Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use[MESH]|Prostaglandins I/therapeutic use[MESH]|Pulmonary Artery/*physiopathology[MESH]|Sex Factors[MESH]|Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/physiopathology[MESH]|Ventricular Remodeling[MESH] |