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lüll Targeting the embryonic gene Cripto-1 in cancer and beyond Bianco C; Salomon DSExpert Opin Ther Pat 2010[Dec]; 20 (12): 1739-49IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Emerging evidence has clearly implicated an inappropriate activation of embryonic regulatory genes during cell transformation in adult tissues. An example of such a case is the embryonic gene Cripto-1. Cripto-1 is critical for embryonic development and is considered a marker of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. Critpo-1 is expressed at low levels in adult tissues, but is re-expressed at a high frequency in a number of different types of human carcinomas, therefore, representing an attractive therapeutic target in cancer. AREA COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: This review surveys different approaches that have been used to target Cripto-1 in cancer as reflected by the relevant patent literature as well as peer-reviewed publications. Potential involvement and targeting of Cripto-1 in neurodegenerative and degenerative muscle diseases are also discussed. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN: The reader will gain an overview of different mAbs, vaccines or oligonucleotides antisense targeting Cripto-1. A humanized anti-Cripto-1 antibody is currently being tested in a Phase I clinical trial in cancer patients. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: Targeting Cripto-1 in human tumors has the potential to eliminate not only differentiated cancer cells but also destroy an undifferentiated subpopulation of cancer cells with stem-like characteristics that support tumor initiation and self-renewal.|*Drug Delivery Systems[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology/therapeutic use[MESH]|Cancer Vaccines/immunology[MESH]|Epidermal Growth Factor/*immunology[MESH]|GPI-Linked Proteins[MESH]|Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins[MESH]|Membrane Glycoproteins/*immunology[MESH]|Neoplasm Proteins/*immunology[MESH]|Neoplasms/*drug therapy/immunology/physiopathology[MESH]|Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology[MESH]|Patents as Topic[MESH] |