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lüll A role for calreticulin in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis Holoshitz J; De Almeida DE; Ling SAnn N Y Acad Sci 2010[Oct]; 1209 (ä): 91-8Calreticulin (CRT) plays a role in the clearance of dying cells and has been implicated in autoimmunity. Recent evidence indicates that cell surface CRT (csCRT) acts as a signal transducing receptor for the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) shared epitope (SE). The SE binding site on CRT has been mapped to amino acid residues 217-223 in the P-domain. Upon interaction with dendritic cells (DCs), the SE activates potent immune regulatory events. In CD8alpha(+) DCs, which express higher abundance of csCRT, the SE inhibits the tolerogenic enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase with resultant inhibition of regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation. In CD8alpha(-) DCs, the SE ligand increases secretion of IL-6 and IL-23 and facilitates generation of Th17 cells, a T cell subset known to play a role in autoimmunity. On the basis of these recent findings, we discuss the possibility that the csCRT may play a pathogenic role in RA by transducing SE-activated Th17-polarizing signals.|Animals[MESH]|Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology/*physiopathology[MESH]|CD8 Antigens/immunology[MESH]|Calreticulin/*physiology[MESH]|Cell Differentiation[MESH]|Epitopes/immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology/immunology[MESH] |