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lüll IL28B and the control of hepatitis C virus infection Balagopal A; Thomas DL; Thio CLGastroenterology 2010[Dec]; 139 (6): 1865-76Treatment-induced control and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are affected by various host factors. Polymorphisms in the region of the gene IL28B are associated with HCV clearance, implicating the gene product, interferon (IFN)-lambda3, in the immune response to HCV. Although it is not clear how the IL28B haplotype affects HCV clearance, IFN-lambda3 up-regulates interferon-stimulated genes, similar to IFN-alpha and IFN-beta but via a different receptor. There is also evidence that IFN-lambda3 affects the adaptive immune response. The IL28B genotype can be considered, along with other factors, in predicting patient responses to therapy with pegylated IFN-alpha and ribavirin. We review the genetic studies that uncovered the association between IL28B and HCV clearance, the biology of IFN-lambda3, the clinical implications of the genetic association, and areas of future research.|Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use[MESH]|Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics/immunology[MESH]|Hepacivirus/genetics/*immunology[MESH]|Hepatitis C/drug therapy/*immunology/*virology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Interferons[MESH]|Interleukins/genetics/*immunology[MESH]|Proteins[MESH] |