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lüll Searching for a photocycle of the cryptochrome photoreceptors Liu B; Liu H; Zhong D; Lin CCurr Opin Plant Biol 2010[Oct]; 13 (5): 578-86The initial photochemistry of plant cryptochromes has been extensively investigated in recent years. It is hypothesized that cryptochrome photoexcitation involves a Trp-triad-dependent photoreduction. According to this hypothesis, cryptochromes in the resting state contain oxidized FAD; light triggers a sequential electron transfer from three tryptophan residues to reduce FAD to a neutral semiquinone (FADH*); FADH* is the presumed signaling state and it is re-oxidized to complete the photocycle. However, this photoreduction hypothesis is currently under debate. An alternative model argues that the initial photochemistry of cryptochromes involves a photolyase-like cyclic electron shuttle without a bona fide redox reaction mediated by the Trp-triad residues, leading to conformational changes, signal propagation, and physiological responses.|*Signal Transduction[MESH]|Amino Acid Sequence[MESH]|Cryptochromes/*chemistry[MESH]|Flavins/chemistry[MESH]|Models, Molecular[MESH]|Molecular Sequence Data[MESH]|Oxidation-Reduction[MESH]|Photoreceptors, Plant/*chemistry[MESH]|Plant Physiological Phenomena[MESH]|Protein Structure, Tertiary[MESH] |