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lüll Interstitial lung disease in connective tissue diseases: evolving concepts of pathogenesis and management Castelino FV; Varga JArthritis Res Ther 2010[]; 12 (4): 213Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a challenging clinical entity associated with multiple connective tissue diseases, and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Effective therapies for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) are still lacking. Multidisciplinary clinics dedicated to the early diagnosis and improved management of patients with CTD-ILD are now being established. There is rapid progress in understanding and identifying the effector cells, the proinflammatory and profibrotic mediators, and the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of CTD-ILD. Serum biomarkers may provide new insights as risk factors for pulmonary fibrosis and as measures of disease progression. Despite these recent advances, the management of patients with CTD-ILD remains suboptimal. Further studies are therefore urgently needed to better understand these conditions, and to develop effective therapeutic interventions.|*Biomarkers[MESH]|*Connective Tissue Diseases/etiology/mortality/therapy[MESH]|*Lung Diseases, Interstitial/etiology/mortality/therapy[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Morbidity[MESH]|Risk Factors[MESH] |