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lüll Use of nonobese diabetic mice to understand human type 1 diabetes Thayer TC; Wilson SB; Mathews CEEndocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2010[Sep]; 39 (3): 541-61In 1922, Leonard Thompson received the first injections of insulin prepared from the pancreas of canine test subjects. From pancreatectomized dogs to the more recent development of animal models that spontaneously develop autoimmune syndromes, animal models have played a meaningful role in furthering diabetes research. Of these animals, the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse is the most widely used for research in type 1 diabetes (T1D) because the NOD shares several genetic and immunologic traits with the human form of the disease. In this article, the authors discuss the similarities and differences in NOD and human T1D and the potential role of NOD mice in future preclinical studies, aiming to provide a better understanding of the genetic and immune defects that lead to T1D.|*Mice, Inbred NOD/genetics/immunology/physiology[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Comprehension[MESH]|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*etiology/genetics/immunology/therapy[MESH]|Dogs[MESH]|Evaluation Studies as Topic[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Mice[MESH] |